Biopharmaceuticals or biologics were first introduced at the beginning of the 1980s and are now well established in the treatment of a wide variety of diseases. Biosimilars are biopharmaceuticals that are similar, but not identical,
Palliative chemotherapy and / or radiotherapy continue to represent the standard of care for patients with inoperable, advanced-stage non–small-cell lung cancer.
Angiogenesis is essential for tumour growth and metastasis, and constitutes an important process in the control of cancer progression. The use of anti-angiogenic agents, particularly those targeting vascular endothelial growth factor,
The human epidermal growth factor receptor HER2/neu gene is amplified and overexpressed in 25 to 30% of breast cancers. In women with HER2-positive advanced or metastatic breast cancer,
Mortality from metastatic colorectal cancer has declined over the past decade, partly due to improvement in survival secondary to incorporation of targeted biologics in the treatment paradigm.
With the recent advancement of molecular targeting therapy, we are witnessing a paradigm shift in the role of pathology laboratories in the management of solid tumours.
The treatment of rectal cancer is evolving and it nicely demonstrates the beauty of multimodality treatment. Unlike total mesorectal excision in surgery, which has probably marked the climax in the advancement of surgical treatment of rectal cancer,
The high prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Hong Kong makes hepatocellular carcinoma one of the area’s most important solid tumours. Late presentation and underlying cirrhosis mean that many hepatocellular carcinomas are inoperable at first presentation.
Liver cancer, which consists predominantly of hepatocellular carcinoma, is one of the most frequently occurring cancers and the third most common cause of cancer death worldwide.
Multiple factors may influence the selection of treatments for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Surgical resection continues to be the mainstay of treatment for patients with well-preserved liver function.
Ovarian cancer is often diagnosed in its later stages, leading to poor prognosis and high mortality rates. Chemotherapy with paclitaxel plus a platinum-based drug is the standard treatment for advanced ovarian carcinoma.
Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast is a rare breast neoplasm. This report describes two Chinese women diagnosed with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast.
Peroneal tenosynovitis in association with hypertrophy of the peroneal tubercle is part of the differential diagnosis of lateral foot and ankle pain. When the peroneal tubercle is enlarged, it can be a source of discomfort when wearing shoes,
Chiari I malformation may not be congenital, but may be acquired as a consequence of skull deformities and other associated intracranial factors in patients with craniosynostosis.
Calcaneal spurs are bony outgrowths of the calcaneus that are common findings on radiographic examination of the foot and ankle. Calcaneal spurs can develop on the plantar tuberosity and extend across the whole width of the calcaneus.
Horseshoe kidney is a common congenital anomaly. Complications such as ureteral obstruction,
hydronephrosis, recurrent calculi, or infection are common and may require surgical intervention.
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous balloon angioplasty for peripheral and central venous stenosis in haemodialysis patients with arteriovenous grafts.
Objective: This study investigated whether single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with integrated low-dose computed tomography (CT) may have additional value over whole-body scintigraphy in determining the presence and location of tumour uptake in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma.
Objective: To retrospectively analyse prognostic variables, failure patterns, and overall survival in patients with stage III endometrial cancer treated with postoperative radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy
Congenital umbilical anomalies are common presentations in paediatric patients, and are usually classified as persistent umbilical cord structures or failure of umbilical ring closures.
Infiltration of the peripheral nervous system by lymphoma is termed neurolymphomatosis. Prior to identification of the causative B lymphocyte, neurolymphomatosis was the least common clinical presentation of nervous system lymphoma.
This report is of a rare occurrence of lymph node relapse in a 46-year-old Chinese man with dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans of the abdominal wall. At initial presentation, the patient underwent wide local excision of the primary lesion.
Congenital agenesis of the internal carotid artery is a rare malformation. Although the condition can be regarded as a normal variant, recognition and knowledge of such an entity is important because it has important implications during carotid and trans-sphenoidal surgery and interventional stenting.
This report is of an unusual case of chronic abdominal pain in a 36-year-old man without past medical history. He complained of abdominal pain and weight loss of 30 kg over one year.
Carotid-cavernous fistula is a well-established neurological disease that typically presents with proptosis, chemosis, ophthalmic bruit, and cranial nerve palsies.
Objective: We aimed to establish whether there was a correlation between the diagnostic efficacy of computed tomographic pulmonary angiography for pulmonary embolism and the degree of pulmonary arterial enhancement measured objectively by main pulmonary artery attenuation level.
Objective: To describe the clinical and imaging features of the gastrointestinal stromal tumours and the role of
computed tomography in predicting malignant potential.
