Computed Tomography Angiographic Appearance of Normal Anatomy and Spectrum of Common Variants of the Renal Vasculature
M Vashishta, K Udhaya Kumar, A Ramalingam, BR Nagaraj
Hong Kong J Radiol 2018;21:184-91
DOI: 10.12809/hkjr1816840
Introduction: Variations in the anatomy of the renal vasculature are common. Conventional angiography has
long been regarded as the gold standard imaging modality for evaluation of these vessels. Recent advances in
multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography have greatly improved evaluation of the renal arteries
and veins. The present study aimed to investigate the variants occurring in the renal vasculature and to evaluate
the prevalence of these variants.
Methods: We analysed MDCT angiographic images of 100 patients who came to our department for contrast-enhanced
computed tomography of the abdomen. We analysed the images using various techniques, including
maximum intensity projection, multiplanar reconstruction, and volume rendering.
Results: Among the MDCT angiographic images studied, 66% of patients showed some variation in renal
vasculature. The most common variant was duplication of the renal artery, seen in 16.5% of the kidneys. The
circumaortic (6%) and retroaortic (2%) veins were the most common variants of the left renal vein, whereas
duplication (4%) was the most common variant of the right renal vein.
Conclusion: Variations in the renal vasculature occur with high incidence. Awareness of these variations is
necessary for preoperative and intra-operative analysis for better prognosis and fewer complications after
surgery.
Author affiliation(s):
M Vashishta, K Udhaya Kumar, A Ramalingam, BR Nagaraj: Department of Radiodiagnosis, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Pondicherry, India
中文摘要
腎血管系統的正常解剖學電腦斷層血管造影表現和常見變異譜
M Vashishta、K Udhaya Kumar、A Ramalingam、BR Nagaraj
引言：腎血管系統解剖結構的變化很常見。常規血管造影一直被視為評估這些血管的黄金標準成像模式。多排螺旋電腦斷層血管造影的最新進展大大改善對腎動脈和靜脈的評估。本研究旨在檢視腎血管系統中發生的變異並評估這些變異的發生率。
方法：分析來自我科的100名患者的多排螺旋電腦斷層血管造影圖像，用於腹部對比增強電腦斷層掃描。我們使用各種技術，包括最大密度投影、多層面重建和體積成像來分析圖像。
結果：在眾多排螺旋電腦斷層血管造影圖像中，66%顯示腎血管系統出現變異。最常見變異是重複腎動脈，發生率為16.5%。環主動脉靜脈（6%）和主動脉後靜脈（2%）是左腎靜脈最常見變異，而重複靜脈（4%）是右腎靜脈最常見的變異。
結論：腎血管系統中變異的發生率高。提高對這種變異的意識對術前及術中分析是必要的意識，有助更佳預後及減少術後併發症。